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New cardiac protocols for Elgin EMS
The Courier-News recently published an extensive piece on Elgin EMS's cardiac protocols. The traditional approach for fire departments was to quickly transport a cardiac arrest patient to an ambulance and onward to the hospital. However, studies revealed that patient outcomes were poorer due to the challenges of delivering high-quality CPR while moving or in a bumpy ambulance. Elgin firefighter/paramedic Chris Kennedy explained that advancements in paramedic skills now allow field interventions to closely match hospital-level care.
In recent years, the Elgin Fire Department has revamped its cardiac arrest response strategies, embraced new technologies, and enhanced training programs. They’re also stepping up efforts to educate the public about the critical importance of learning CPR. According to Kennedy, the department handled 108 cardiac arrest cases requiring resuscitation attempts between 2012 and 2013, with around 11,000 total calls annually.
"Study after study emphasizes that high-quality CPR with minimal interruptions is key," Kennedy stated. "Combined with defibrillation using a cardiac monitor or AED, this has the strongest impact on restoring spontaneous circulation."
The team has adopted a NASCAR-style "pit crew" approach to manage cardiac arrests efficiently. Each responder is assigned specific duties to ensure uninterrupted CPR delivery at the arrest site. Additionally, fire engines often accompany ambulances on cardiac calls to provide additional personnel when needed.
Elgin's fleet now includes advanced Zoll X-series monitors, originally designed for helicopter transport. These devices enable defibrillation, capnography monitoring, and vital sign recording. Paramedics can transmit 12-lead EKGs to the ER via cell phones, allowing doctors to prepare for incoming patients. The department is transitioning to an ePCR system from Zoll, which will streamline reporting processes.
Another recent addition is the hypothermia protocol, introduced about a year ago. Studies indicate that cooling post-arrest patients who regain circulation improves neurological outcomes by reducing cellular demand and protecting brain cells. However, some smaller studies have shown mixed results regarding its effectiveness.
Paramedics initiate cooling by administering cold IV fluids to lower body temperature to around 93°F. While controversial, ongoing research may clarify its benefits. Despite challenges, the Elgin Fire Department remains committed to advancing cardiac care and educating the community on life-saving techniques.
Thanks, Dan.