Focus on the 13th Five-Year Plan: Reforming the "Supply, Expand, Upgrade" Window Period on the Supply Side of Agricultural Mechanization

Focus on the 13th Five-Year Plan: Reforming the "Supply, Expand, Upgrade" Window Period on the Supply Side of Agricultural Mechanization

On April 25th, the first Sino-German Agricultural Mechanization Development Forum was held in Beijing. Kong Liang, deputy director of the Agricultural Mechanization Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said at the forum that the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” is a key period for the transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture in China. It is an opportunity period for the accelerated development of China's agricultural mechanization, and it is also the window period for the “toughening, expansion and upgrading” of the structural reform of the agricultural machinery supply side in China.

The national agricultural mechanization system should continue to innovate and redouble its efforts. It will strive to achieve significant progress in mechanization, breeding and comprehensive mechanization of pre-production and post-production of major crops by 2020. The comprehensive mechanization rate of major crop cultivation and harvesting will reach 70%, of which three The comprehensive mechanization rate of grain crop cultivation and harvesting has reached more than 80%.

According to Kong Liang, in recent years, China's agricultural mechanization industry has developed rapidly. The objectives and tasks of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” have been fully completed, and the indicators of agricultural mechanization have been rapidly improved. By 2015, the comprehensive mechanization level of major crop cultivation in the country has reached 63. %, an average annual increase of 2 percentage points. The comprehensive mechanization rates of wheat, rice and corn crops were 94%, 76% and 81%, respectively. Among them, rice planting and corn harvesting rate were over 40% and 63% respectively, which was higher than the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan. 19 and 37 percentage points. At present, China has entered the key to the transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and the internal and external environment for the development of agricultural mechanization is evolving. Looking forward to the "13th Five-Year Plan", the fundamentals are still improving. On this basis, the focus of the “13th Five-Year Plan” on the development of agricultural machinery will focus on three aspects: tackling, expanding and upgrading. At the end of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", we will achieve four "all-round upgrades": the level of agricultural machinery and equipment will be comprehensively upgraded, the number of large-horsepower tractors will increase substantially, and the number of ride-on rice transplanters and self-propelled corn combine harvesters will be doubled. Plant protection machinery The reserves of high-performance combine harvesters, grain drying equipment, and straw returning machines have increased significantly; the level of agricultural machinery operations has been comprehensively improved, and the mechanization rates of rice planting and corn harvesting have reached 60% and 80%, respectively, and plant protection and drying mechanization have achieved cross-section. The development of the region, animal husbandry, fishery, primary processing of agricultural products, fruit mulberry tea, facility agricultural mechanization rate further improved; agricultural mechanization science and education level improved, water-saving irrigation, fertilization application, straw treatment, residual film recycling, mechanization of agricultural waste utilization The technology can be widely applied, the information collection, intelligent decision-making and operation ability of agricultural machinery and equipment are significantly enhanced. The agricultural machinery management, promotion, supervision and circulation system based on “Internet”, big data and information technology are initially constructed; the level of agricultural machinery socialization service is comprehensively improved. Large agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery cooperatives, and agricultural machinery with strong service capabilities The proportion of new agricultural machinery operators and service companies such as the company has increased significantly, ensuring a more effective development of moderate scale operations. New progress has been made in the standardization of agricultural machinery cooperatives throughout the country. The use efficiency of machinery and equipment has increased significantly, and the area of ​​operation services has been further expanded, striving to reach the area of ​​all agricultural machinery operations. %the above.

In order to achieve the goal of four “all-round improvement”, Kong Liang said that during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, the agricultural mechanization system should build a new agricultural machinery technology innovation system, accelerate the breakthrough of bottlenecks in key link machines and key parts manufacturing technologies, and change The production and equipment of food crops are not excellent, the shortage of economic crops and large-scale production equipment is in short supply; the large-scale tractors with “industrial demand and farmers' urgent use” and the development and application of medium-sized agricultural equipment such as large-scale combine harvesters are promoted to promote agricultural machinery. The equipment will be upgraded from “useable” to “useful”; accelerate the development and application of advanced vegetable, forestry and other facilities gardening machinery, accelerate the development and application of agricultural robots and intelligent equipment, and improve the effective supply capacity of modern agricultural equipment in China. Promote the mechanization of major crop production, speed up the solution of weak mechanization production mechanization technology, focus on the main producing areas of agricultural products, focus on the main producing areas of agricultural products, consolidate and deepen the deep pine land preparation, precision sowing, rice mechanization (plug), corn Mechanized operation level of machine harvesting, potato machine harvesting, soybean harvesting, etc., solving the mechanical problems of weak links in plant protection, intermediate fertilization, water saving irrigation, drying, straw treatment, etc.; promoting cotton, rape, peanut, soybean, sugar cane, feeding The mechanization level of key links of large cash crops such as forage has been significantly improved. In the country, a number of demonstration counties have been built to realize the mechanization of the main crop production, and the provinces that have the conditions are basically promoted to achieve agricultural mechanization. Coordinate the development of agricultural mechanization in all regions of agriculture, adapt to China's topography and production needs, and take into account the balanced and coordinated development of plains and hilly areas, food crops and cash crops, planting and aquaculture; vigorously promote mechanization of double-season rice areas Interpolate and develop the mechanization of forage production in the dominant area of ​​livestock products, and accelerate the mechanization of characteristic crop production in hilly and mountainous areas. Expand the promotion and application of green environmental mechanization technology, and cooperate with “one control, two reductions and three basics” to accelerate deep pine preparation, conservation tillage, water-saving irrigation, pesticide application, localized fertilization, straw returning to storage, residual membrane recovery, sick and dead livestock and poultry The promotion and application of mechanized technologies such as harmless treatment and manure treatment, and the active development of agricultural aviation.
(Original title: "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" China's agricultural machinery development will focus on "tapping, expanding and upgrading")