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7 Reasons Why Your Car Failed Its Emissions Test
In Connecticut, drivers are required to have their vehicles undergo an emissions test every two years. The results of this test are forwarded to the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). Some states even demand annual inspections or combine these checks with broader safety assessments. These emissions tests measure the pollutants emitted by your car's exhaust system, aiming to minimize the amount released into the atmosphere to combat smog.
There are primarily two types of tests used depending on the vehicle's manufacturing year. For cars made from 1996 onwards, an onboard diagnostic (OBD) check is standard. This involves connecting a device to the car's OBD system to evaluate how well its emissions control equipment is functioning. Meanwhile, vehicles manufactured between 1981 and 1995 typically undergo an I/M240 dynamometer test. Here, a technician simulates driving conditions using a dynamometer to analyze the vehicle's exhaust gases. Regardless of the method used, your car either passes or fails the test. Many vehicles pass without issue, but older models—especially those that haven't been maintained properly—are more likely to fail due to various problems.
One common issue is old motor oil. Fresh oil provides better lubrication for your engine, while degraded oil generates more hydrocarbons that could be detected during an emissions test. If you’ve delayed changing your oil for weeks or months, you might encounter unsatisfactory results. Addressing this by simply changing the oil could be enough to pass the test.
Another potential problem is an excess of fuel. The engine relies on a precise air-to-fuel ratio for optimal combustion. If there's too much fuel, it can bypass the exhaust system, affecting the test outcomes. Causes range from a malfunctioning fuel injector or fuel metering system, often linked to the onboard computer, to a faulty oxygen sensor or mass airflow sensor (MAF), which struggles to regulate the air-to-fuel balance. Such failures not only lead to an emissions test failure but also impact acceleration, power output, and may even cause overheating, potentially leading to engine failure.
Spark plugs, crucial for starting your car, must fire in a specific sequence. Damaged or excessively worn spark plugs can misfire or function improperly, resulting in a failed emissions test and inconsistent engine starts.
A loose gas cap is another overlooked issue. It's designed to prevent gasoline fumes from escaping into the environment. A poorly sealing or loose cap allows gasoline and its vapors to seep out, causing the vehicle to fail inspections. Replacing it with a newer, more secure model often resolves this issue.
The Evaporative Emission Control System (EVAP) is more intricate, preventing gasoline fumes from escaping into the atmosphere and ensuring they remain within the gas tank. Damage or wear can compromise its effectiveness, necessitating replacements for cracked or leaking hoses and vents.
Dirty air filters also need regular attention. A clogged filter can't function optimally, allowing more hydrocarbons to enter the atmosphere. It's advisable to replace your air filter annually or every 12,000 miles, whichever comes first, to avoid failing an emissions test.
The check engine light serves as an indicator for various issues, including problems with the oxygen sensor or exhaust system. Age and wear can degrade exhaust components or impair the catalytic converter's performance. Additional signs include decreased fuel efficiency, unusual noises upon starting, or a sulfuric smell. If your car fails its emissions test, you'll have some time to address these issues before re-testing. As a Certified Emissions Repair Facility, we can help identify problems and suggest necessary repairs or part replacements. To schedule an appointment, reach out to us today.