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SAE 8620 Chemical Composition
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The image below provides an overview of the chemical composition of SAE 8620 steel. This material is widely recognized for its balanced mechanical properties and is commonly used in industrial applications requiring high durability.
### Table of Contents:
- SAE 8620 Chemical Composition
- AISI 8620 Steel Mechanical Properties
- Equivalent Grades and Standards of Alloy 8620
- UNS G86200 Material Hardness
- Forging Temperature of DIN 1.6523
- 21NiCrMo2 Grade Thermal Properties
- SNCM220 Pre-Heat Temperature
- Physical Properties of 8620 Grade Steel
- SAE 8620 Steel Quality Classification
- AISI 8620 Normalizing & Annealing
- SAE 8620 Carburizing
- Difference Between SAE 8620 Steel Mechanical Properties in Normalized & Annealed Conditions
- Surface Finish of AISI 8620 Steel
- Alloy Steel 8620 Bar Sizes and Tolerance
- EN362 Steel Hot Forming and Heat Treatment
- SAE 8620 Material Case Hardening Methods
- AISI 8620 Bar Mechanical Properties for Core - Carburised and Oil Quenched at 840°C
- 8620 Hot Rolled Steel Working Temperature Range
- Stress Relieving of Low Alloy Steel 8620
- SAE 8620 Machinability
- 8620 Steel Testing and Inspection
- AISI 8620 vs 4140 Steel
#### SAE 8620 Chemical Composition:
SAE 8620 steel consists of several key elements that contribute to its unique properties. These include:
- **Manganese:** 0.7 to 0.9%
- **Nickel:** 0.4 to 0.7%
- **Chromium:** 0.4 to 0.6%
- **Silicon:** 0.15 to 0.35%
- **Carbon:** 0.18 to 0.23%
- **Molybdenum:** 0.15 to 0.25%
- **Sulfur:** 0 to 0.04%
- **Phosphorus:** 0 to 0.035%
- **Iron:** 96.9 to 98%
These elements work together to provide excellent strength and wear resistance while maintaining good ductility.
#### AISI 8620 Steel Mechanical Properties:
The mechanical properties of AISI 8620 steel vary depending on whether it undergoes annealing or normalizing treatments. Here's a comparison:
| Property | Annealing | Normalizing |
|-------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|
| Temperature (°C) | 820-850 | 880-920 |
| Cooling Rate | Slow | Relatively Fast |
| Cooling Method | Furnace Cooling | Air Cooling |
| Grain Size | Normal | Good |
#### Equivalent Grades and Standards of Alloy 8620:
This steel is known by various names across different standards:
| Country | Standard | Grades |
|--------------|--------------------|----------------------|
| UK | BS 970 | 805M20 |
| Germany | DIN 1654 | 1.6523 / 21NiCrMo2 |
| Europe | EN 10084 | 1.6523 / 20NiCrMo2-2|
| USA | ASTM A29 | 8620 |
| Japan | JIS G4103 | SNCM220 |
#### UNS G86200 Material Hardness:
The hardness of UNS G86200 can be measured using various scales:
- **Knoop Hardness:** 169
- **Rockwell B Hardness:** 80
- **Vickers Hardness:** 155
#### Forging Temperature of DIN 1.6523:
The optimal forging temperature for this grade is approximately **2250°F (1230°C)**.
#### 21NiCrMo2 Grade Thermal Properties:
This alloy exhibits impressive thermal conductivity:
- **Thermal Conductivity:** 323 BTU in/hr.ft².°F or 46.6 W/mK
#### SNCM220 Pre-Heat Temperature:
Pre-heat temperatures depend on section thickness:
| Section (mm) | Pre-Heat Temperature (°C) |
|--------------|---------------------------|
| 40 | 25 |
| 50 | 40 |
| 75 | 100 |
| 150 | 150 |
#### Physical Properties of 8620 Grade Steel:
SAE 8620 steel possesses the following physical properties:
- **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³
- **Melting Point:** 2600°F
- **Poisson’s Ratio:** 0.27-0.30
- **Thermal Expansion:** 12.2 x 10â»â¶/°C
- **Specific Heat Capacity:** 477 J/(kg·K)
- **Thermal Conductivity:** 46.6 W/(m·K)
- **Electrical Resistivity:** 2.34 x 10â»â· Ω·m
#### SAE 8620 Steel Quality Classification:
Quality classifications are based on porosity levels:
| Steel Quality | Central Porosity | General Porosity | General Spot Segregation | Pattern Segregation |
|---------------------|------------------|------------------|--------------------------|---------------------|
| Quality Steel | ≤3.0 | ≤3.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤3.0 |
| High-Quality Steel | ≤2.0 | ≤2.0 | Not Allowed | ≤2.0 |
| Premium Quality Steel| ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | Not Allowed | ≤1.0 |
#### AISI 8620 Normalizing & Annealing:
Both processes improve the grain structure but differ in cooling rates:
| Property | Annealing | Normalizing |
|---------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|
| Temperature (°C) | 820-850 | 880-920 |
| Grain Size | Normal | Good |
| Cooling | Furnace Cooling | Air Cooling |
| Surface Hardness (HBW) | 150-187 | 183-200 |
#### SAE 8620 Carburizing:
Carburizing enhances surface hardness:
| Parameter | Value |
|-------------------------------|-------------------|
| Carburizing Temperature | 900-920°C |
| Quenching Temperature | 780-800°C |
| Tempering Temperature | 150-170°C |
| Surface Hardness | 59-63 HRC |
| Core Hardness | Above 30 HRC |
| Effective Carburizing Layer | 1.4-1.8 mm |
#### Difference Between SAE 8620 Steel Mechanical Properties in Normalized & Annealed Condition:
| Property | Annealed Yield (MPa) | Normalized Yield (MPa) | Annealed Elongation (%) | Normalized Elongation (%) |
|-----------------------|----------------------|------------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------|
| Yield Strength | 385 MPa | 355 MPa | 31.3% | 26.3% |
#### Surface Finish of AISI 8620 Steel:
Various finishes are available:
- Black Finish
- Rough Turned Finish
- Peeled Finish
#### Alloy Steel 8620 Bar Sizes and Tolerance:
Bar sizes and tolerances vary depending on the manufacturing process:
| Form | Size (mm) | Tolerance Range |
|---------------|-----------------|-------------------|
| Flat/Square | Thickness: 120-800 | ±0 to +8 mm |
| Round | Diameter: 6-100 | Best H11 |
#### EN362 Steel Hot Forming and Heat Treatment:
| Treatment | Temperature Range (°C) | Cooling Method |
|--------------------|------------------------|------------------|
| Carburizing | 880-960 | Oil, Salt Bath |
| Case Hardening | 780-820 | Oil, Water |
| Core Hardening | 860-900 | Oil, Water |
| Intermediate Annealing | 630-650 | Air, Furnace |
| Tempering | 150-200 | Air |
#### SAE 8620 Material Case Hardening Methods:
- Flame or Induction Hardening
- Carburizing
- Nitriding
- Carbonitriding
#### AISI 8620 Bar Mechanical Properties for Core - Carburised and Oil Quenched at 840°C:
| Section Size (mm) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
|-------------------|------------------------|----------------------|----------------|---------------|
| 11 | Min: 980 | Min: 785 | Min: 9 | Min: 290 |
| 30 | Min: 780 | Min: 590 | Min: 10 | Min: 235 |
#### 8620 Hot Rolled Steel Working Temperature Range:
The working temperature range is up to **650°F (343°C)**.
#### Stress Relieving of Low Alloy Steel 8620:
Optimal stress relieving occurs at **630°C – 650°C**.
#### SAE 8620 Machinability:
With a machinability rating of 66%, this steel is considered moderately easy to machine.
#### 8620 Steel Testing and Inspection:
Testing includes chemical analysis, surface hardness, ultrasonic testing, heat treatment processes, grain size evaluation, non-metallic inclusion assessment, and more.
#### AISI 8620 vs 4140 Steel:
| Property | SAE 8620 | AISI 4140 |
|--------------------|-----------------|------------------|
| Carbon Content | 0.18%-0.23% | 0.38%-0.43% |
| Hardness | 25 HRC | 18-22 HRC |
This detailed breakdown highlights the versatility and application potential of SAE 8620 steel across multiple industries.
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