In 2006, Jidong County was listed by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance as the pilot project subsidy funds for the Central Financial Fertilizer Formula Fertilizer Test. The project is based on five core links: soil testing, formula, fertilizer, supply, and fertilization. The pilot project of pilot soil testing and formula fertilization pilot subsidy funds was initiated. The agricultural department went all out to do a real job. The agricultural technicians went deep into the grassroots and the relevant departments actively cooperated. The pilot demonstration work achieved preliminary results. The implementation of the project has greatly promoted the improvement of fertilizer utilization, the reduction of agricultural production costs, the protection of the ecological environment, the improvement of crop quality, the increase of grain production, the increase of agricultural efficiency, and the increase of farmers' income in Jidong County [1-6]. Through the implementation of the project, we have strengthened the complete technical support, and focused on the construction of a scientific soil testing and fertilizer application system: the soil testing and fertilizing technical system, the soil testing and fertilizing agrochemical service system, and the soil testing and fertilizer application in harmony with the fertilizer industry system. . Among these three systems, the establishment of a technical system is the foundation and the establishment of agrochemical service system is a guarantee. The establishment of a harmonious fertilizer industry system is the goal. Related Instruments: Soil Tester Portable Soil Moisture Temperature Tester Hyundai Truck Parts, Tilt Cylinder, Hyundai Truck Spare Parts Yueqing Hualong Mechanical Accessories Factory , http://www.hl-truckparts.com
1 Establish scientific soil testing and formula fertilization technology system
1.1 Specific Contents of Soil Testing and Fertilizing Technical System Based on a thorough understanding of the law of fertilizer requirements for crops and soil fertility, a scientific, effective, and operational fertilizer application plan has been formulated. On this basis, the field trials and soil testing data were collected, and a database and technical case for soil testing and fertilizer application were established. In 2006, the project area was 26 746.7 hm2, of which the core demonstration area was 66.7 hm2. 4 018 soil samples were collected, 32 144 tests were performed; /34140 fertilizer effect tests were conducted at 10 points with 14 cells per point; 5 levels of processing areas; 5 areas and 10 points. 4 018 fertilizer cards were distributed, 130 agricultural technicians were dispatched, 6 300 farmers were trained, 12,000 technical data were distributed, 6 television lectures were conducted, 6 wall advertisements were published, and soil testing and formula fertilization technology was held Big set 6 times. Complete the project area GPS positioning system and draw the soil nutrient map.
1.2 Significant economic benefits Through the implementation of the project, a large number of technical parameters have been obtained and remarkable economic benefits have been achieved. By investigating farm households and testing soil samples for demonstration and demonstration, a scientific soil testing and formula fertilization technology system was established, land fertility evaluation was conducted, and fertilizer formulations were developed to guide farmers in rational fertilization. From 2006 to 2009, a total of 26,746.7 hm2 of soil testing and formula fertilization was promoted, including 6 666.7 hm2 of rice for soil testing, 10 000 hm2 of corn, 10 000 hm2 of soybean, and 375 yuan #hm2 for efficiency increase. 10 million yuan. Since the technical implementation of the formula fertilization project area is in place, the crops in the project area are growing well and it is expected that the output will increase by about 5%.
1.3 Through the implementation of the project, Li Nong Huimin has benefited a large number of farmers and improved the image of the agricultural sector. 4 018 farmers in the county have accepted and implemented soil testing and fertilization techniques, and the agricultural sector has implemented the central spirit to reflect government care. The mission is to strictly manage the operation of the project. Therefore, the purpose of establishing the principle of benefiting the people and benefiting the people is that the broad masses of technical personnel go deep into the fields to carry out their work. After weather, hunger, and thirst, they work solidly, explain doubts, and leave a good impression among the masses.
1.4 Improve the technical level of agricultural technicians Through the implementation of the project, the quality of agricultural technicians has been improved, and the professional team of soil and fertilizer has been trained. In recent years, due to the lack of project support, poor laboratory equipment, and insufficient input, the soil fertilizer work is basically in a stagnant state, and soil and fertilizer technicians lack the opportunity to exercise and renew knowledge, and the technical personnel's quality and service ability have declined. Since the Ministry of Agriculture launched the soil testing and formulating fertilization project, according to actual needs, the Jidong County Agricultural Technology Extension Center has adjusted and enriched the soil-fertility technical team. The soil-fertilizer technicians have been equipped by 2 to 6 people, and they have continuously strengthened technical training and improved the service level of the soil-based fertilizer technology. The technicians are well trained in the sampling, testing, testing, demonstration, and filling in fertilization cards. The quality of the business is generally improved, and the soil fertility technical team has grown stronger.
2 Establish a scientific soil testing and formula fertilizing agrochemical service system Establishing a soil testing and formula fertilizing agrochemical service system is to establish a smooth, technically-combined product and technology logistics system among government, farmers, and enterprises. In this system, the government (including the agricultural administrative department and the agricultural technology promotion department) has both management responsibilities and service responsibilities, and clarifies relations through policy orientation, market maintenance, soil testing formula, technical guidance, and industrial coordination. This system is also It is called/testing, distribution, production, supply, and application of one-stop service system 0[7-9]. Jidong County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center has improved laboratory facilities and improved testing capabilities. Through the province's unified equipment tendering, the project has invested a total of 1.1 million yuan, purchased 30 instruments and equipment, and equipped with routine testing equipment and data transmission equipment to enable the construction of laboratories. On a new level, it basically achieved standardized sample analysis, mass production, and data transmission networking. It can not only detect large quantities of elements, but also can detect intermediate and trace elements, greatly enhancing the service capacity of soil fertility technology.
While grasping the routine soil analysis and analysis, combined with the experience of fertilizing local high-yield farmers, the basic rules of local soil nutrients were grasped, and soil testing and fertilizer application/three types of six methods were used, combined with field test data, according to different soil nutrient content and different The characteristics of fertilizer requirements for crops Formulation of soil testing and formulating fertilization recommendations will be recommended by the backbone of agricultural technology promotion to farmers, and farmers will be given fertilization technical guidance. The formula is basically in accordance with the soil and crop in the demonstration area, which is easy to operate and easy for farmers to master. From 2006 to 2009, a total of 4 018 fertilization advice cards were issued, the fertilization rate reached 90%, the core village reached 100%, and the farmers were registered and managed.
3 Establishment of Soil Testing, Formula Fertilization and Harmonious Fertilizer Industry System Establishing soil testing, formula fertilization and harmonious fertilizer industry system is to establish a resource-saving and environment-friendly fertilization system. The soil fertilizer industry will be constructed into a green and pollution-free environment through soil testing and formula fertilization. , a green industry that is conducive to the survival of human health and harmonious development with other related industries in the society. Soil testing formula fertilizer is a direct supply for service purposes, it can not be directly traded in the fertilizer market. To this end, the method of promoting the measurement of soil testing formula fertilizer is signed by the village committee (or professional association) and the farmer representatives together with the fixed-point processing formulae company. The direct fertilizer supply contract is provided by the manufacturers, and there is no middleman for the manufacturers to benefit the farmers. Fertilizer quality is certified by Heilongjiang Fertilizer Management Station. The method for the collection of fertilizers is to transfer the fertilizers to village committees (or professional associations) at one time by the farmers. The county agricultural technology extension centers, village committees (or professional cooperative associations), and farmers' tripartite representatives will directly deposit all the money into the provincial soil. Fertilizer Association account. After the village committee receives the soil testing formula fertilizer, it shall be granted to the farmers in accordance with the purchase price of the contract, and the enterprise shall not charge any fees when the railway first arrives at the station not exceeding 500 km. The short-distance transportation allows the farmers to pick up the goods or deliver them to the village. Receive transportation costs.
Improve farmers' awareness of scientific fertilization and protect the ecological environment. Through extensive and in-depth regional training, the majority of farmers have changed the traditional concept of blindly overdosing excessive nitrogen fertilizers to increase the production of misconceptions, and gradually established a new concept based on target production and production and fertilizer, consciously adopting soil testing and fertilizer application techniques, and scientific fertilization. Awareness has generally increased. Through the promotion of soil testing and formula fertilization technology, it is equivalent to reducing the loss of fertilizer nutrients to the environment, which is of positive significance for protecting the environment.
Since the implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization in Jidong County, there have been three aspects of encouraging changes in the project area: First, the application ratio of high-grade compound formula fertilizer has increased significantly. The first is the government, the second depends on days, and the third is based on the United States. The phenomenon of ammonium 0 was significantly reduced; secondly, attention was paid to rational fertilization, and the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer application was relatively decreased. According to statistics, from 2008 to 2009, the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer application in the county had a negative growth for the first time, and the relative proportion decreased by 0.3 percentage points. Third, due to the implementation of soil testing and fertilizer application, the pressure of fertilizer price increase was reduced.
Soil testing and formula fertilization work as a beneficial agricultural policy of the party and the country has played a crucial role in promoting the steady development of grain production and promoting the continuous increase of farmers' income. In order to implement this work well and achieve substantial results, Jidong County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center follows the focus of the center, highlights the characteristics, grasps innovation, fosters exemplary leadership, strengthens follow-up implementation, focuses on summing up ideas for sublimation, and promotes the whole county as a whole. The development of soil testing, formula fertilization, establishment of a scientific soil testing and fertilizer application technology system, soil testing and fertilization agrochemical service system, and soil testing, fertilizer application and balanced fertilizer industry system.