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Bulgaria developed a high-efficiency energy-saving meter sensor
Recently, the Bulgarian Institute of Management and Systems has completed a groundbreaking innovation project for the national power industry. They have developed a new multi-purpose sensor designed for inductive watt-hour meters, which is 50 times more efficient than traditional Hall sensors. This advancement could significantly impact energy measurement and management systems globally.
Electricity meters are essential tools in the power sector, but they do consume some amount of electricity during operation. Bulgarian researchers highlight that in a large city like New York, the reactive energy consumed by these meters is nearly equivalent to the total power generated by the Niagara River hydropower station in the U.S., which has an installed capacity of 2 million kilowatts. Mechanical watt-hour meters, while once widely used, are known for high energy consumption and an error rate of 7-8%. As a result, they have been gradually replaced by inductive electronic meters.
However, even these electronic meters require current and voltage parametric amplifiers, and when calculating power, the power factor (cosφ) must be taken into account. Additionally, the parameters involved in the electronic amplifier are non-linear, making linear processing complex and challenging. Environmental factors, such as temperature, can also affect the performance of the amplifier.
Bulgarian experts believe the key to overcoming these challenges lies in developing low-cost, high-reliability sensors that can function as amplifiers. The Bulgarian Institute has introduced a new type of sensor called "multisensors," which are integrated silicon-based devices capable of performing far more than just measuring a single parameter.
These multisensors not only convert magnetic energy into electrical energy but also perform multiple functions within the same device. They can process mechanical programs, measure pressure, temperature, illumination, and even telecommunications parameters through signal processing. The newly developed integrated silicon multisensor can simultaneously and independently measure external magnetic field strength and direction (B), as well as ambient temperature (T). According to experts, no similar multi-purpose sensor exists in the current monitoring technology field.
This versatile sensor can be used in various applications and even enables non-contact electric power measurement due to its ability to measure voltage (V) and current (I). It offers a 50x improvement in conversion performance compared to existing Hall sensors. Bulgaria’s multisensors have already been included in the priority discussion projects of the EU's 7th Framework Program.
The technical advantage of this new sensor lies in its ability to amplify both induced voltage (V) and current (I). When a starting current (I) flows through a power conductor in a magnetic field (B), the recorded magnetic induction (B) perpendicular to the current (I) corresponds to the induced current (I) parameter. Importantly, there is no physical contact between the transmission conductor and the induction device. Traditionally, Hall elements were used for this purpose, but they suffer from low sensitivity and are difficult to compensate for temperature-related effects on measurements.