· Can the national network ETC rapid transit achieve “emission reduction”?

Wang’s owner, who lives in Shunyi District, Beijing, works in the vicinity of Guomao and drives dozens of kilometers a day. In the past few years, he has been entangled in daily fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. "I heard that ETC (no parking charges) channel environmental protection, I quickly set up a speed card." Wang surnamed the owner told reporters.
In Beijing, there are more than 1.5 million speed-pass card users like Wang’s owner. According to the statistics of Beijing's transportation department, 454 ETC lanes have been built and 1,165 truck lanes have been manually brushed. The ETC usage rate of highways exceeds 31%, and the ETC usage rate during peak hours is close to 45%.
Last year, the Ministry of Transport promoted ETC use and networking nationwide. According to the timetable, as far as the end of September this year, 29 provinces across the country will realize ETC basic networking. This not only means that the country's 14 million ETC users are driving more smoothly on the highway, which means that it can save a lot of fuel consumption and reduce pollutant emissions.
According to public data of the Ministry of Communications, the carbon emissions reduced by using ETC in a car year are equivalent to the annual absorption of a tree, based on a tree that absorbs 18.3 kilograms of carbon dioxide per year.
In the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law" revised by the National People's Congress, the prevention and control of motor vehicle pollution has received unprecedented attention. The research results of the National Motor Vehicle Pollution Prevention and Control Committee, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University show that motor vehicle pollution has become an important source of air pollution in China, emitting more than 90% of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). Compounds (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) exceed 70%, which are the main contributors to the total amount of pollutants, and also an important cause of ash and photochemical smog pollution.
The environmental protection department has done calculations. For example, a small passenger car with a national II emission standard emits about 11 milligrams of carbon monoxide and 0.3 millimeters of nitrogen oxides per second. The pollutant emitted by idle for 3 minutes is 2.7 grams.
For the problem of motor vehicle idling, many developed countries have already passed legislation to speed up the stagnation. Last year, Beijing tried to regulate the legislation. However, one year of practice found that there were few drivers who responded to the 3-minute flameout.
ETC is considered a more viable option. In China's road network, there are all kinds of toll stations at all levels. The lack of capacity of these toll stations leads to traffic congestion during peak hours and major holidays.
Relevant information from the Ministry of Communications shows that after setting up the ETC dedicated channel, the toll station's capacity and efficiency are significantly improved, effectively mitigating peak congestion. Take Beijing as an example. From 2008 to 2013, the cumulative total transit time of all ETC users was 8.9 million hours. Since the ETC lanes are subject to non-stop charging, the capacity of one ETC toll lane is equivalent to five manual toll lanes, and the average time for vehicles passing through the toll booths is reduced from 14 seconds to 3 seconds. Based on this calculation, the number of parking stops per year in the country is about 1.2 billion.
More importantly, when the vehicle goes to the ETC lane, the idle speed and braking phenomenon are almost eliminated, and the pollutant discharge is significantly reduced.
According to the monitoring data of the environmental protection department, the average fuel consumption of ETC relative to manual charges is reduced by about 20%. Each 10,000 ETC transactions can save 314 liters of fuel consumption and reduce 56 kg of pollutant emissions. Carbon dioxide emissions from vehicle exhaust are reduced by approximately 50% and carbon monoxide emissions by approximately 70%. Implementing ETC can also reduce labor and service costs by approximately 20%.
Taking Beijing as an example, the Beijing Environment Exchange has calculated the greenhouse gas emission reductions of 398 ETC lanes in Beijing from January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2012, and listed them on the Beijing Environment Exchange. . The data shows that through the ETC system, Beijing has reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 6,103 tons in two years.
"The application of ETC technology will speed up the change of the current dominant labor charging model, while improving the efficiency of communication, saving management costs and improving management." National Highway Electronic Non-Parking Charges on February 3 At the networking work promotion meeting, Feng Zhenglin, deputy director of the Ministry of Transport, said.
However, ETC's emission reduction effect is also facing the pressure of traffic jams. According to the 2011 Beijing Traffic Development Annual Report, due to traffic congestion, Beijing emits 16,700 tons of carbon dioxide, 9.5 tons of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and sulfur dioxide. Traffic congestion has caused Beijing to lose 105.6 billion yuan a year, equivalent to 7.5% of Beijing's GDP. If it is spread evenly to each motor vehicle, the average economic loss per vehicle per year is 21,957 yuan. In the fuel alone, Beijing wastes 7.229 million liters per year, up to 20.11 billion yuan, and the average fuel loss per vehicle per month is 348.4 yuan. The assessment results show that the annual loss of additional ecological environmental pollution caused by traffic congestion in Beijing is 4.52 billion yuan.
Li Zuomin, director of the Road Network Center of the Ministry of Transport, introduced 14 provinces and cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong, Hunan and Shaanxi as of December 26, 2014. ETC networking has been implemented. From the end of 2014, as of January 26 this year, in just one month, the inter-provincial ETC transaction volume in the networked area reached 10 million times, with a transaction amount of 650 million yuan.
According to the targets set by the Ministry of Communications, by the end of 2015, the national ETC networking will be basically realized, and the national ETC network operation management mechanism will be established. Passenger car ETC usage rate is not less than 25%, and non-cash payment usage rate is 20%. The main line toll station ETC coverage rate reached 100%. Establish a unified and standardized ETC customer service system, customer service outlets cover the county (district) level administrative area, and user services are more convenient. Establish a diversified user development model, the number of national ETC users reached 20 million (including non-cash payment card users).
However, according to this reporter, the current ETC national network still faces many difficulties. Previously, due to the fact that some provinces did not strictly implement national standards when electronic labels and user cards were issued, a large number of users could not cross the province, involving hundreds of thousands of user cards, and had to recall upgrades; Henan, Hubei, Guangdong, Chongqing and other models are currently classified. Still different from national standards, causing confusion. At the promotion meeting on February 3, the Ministry of Communications has clearly requested that the provinces where problems occur should be rectified as soon as possible.

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